OpenAI Says ChatGPT Could Cause Emotional Dependence: Expert

When the latest version of ChatGPT was released in May, it came with a few emotional voices that made the chatbot sound more human than ever.

Listeners called the voices “flirty,” “convincingly human,” and “sexy.” Social media users said they were “falling in love” with it.

But on Thursday, ChatGPT-creator OpenAI released a report confirming that ChatGPT’s human-like upgrades could lead to emotional dependence.

“Users might form social relationships with the AI, reducing their need for human interaction—potentially benefiting lonely individuals but possibly affecting healthy relationships,” the report reads.

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ChatGPT can now answer questions voice-to-voice with the ability to remember key details and use them to personalize the conversation, OpenAI noted. The effect? Talking to ChatGPT now feels very close to talking to a human being — if that person didn’t judge you, never interrupted you, and didn’t hold you accountable for what you said.

These standards of interacting with an AI could change the way human beings interact with each other and “influence social norms,” per the report.

OpenAI stated that early testers spoke to the new ChatGPT in a way that showed they could be forming an emotional connection with it. Testers said things, such as, “This is our last day together,” which OpenAI said expressed “shared bonds.”

Experts, meanwhile, are questioning if it’s time to reevaluate how realistic these voices can be.

“Is it time to pause and consider how this technology affects human interaction and relationships?” Alon Yamin, cofounder and CEO of AI plagiarism checker Copyleaks, told Entrepreneur.

“[AI] should never be a replacement for actual human interaction,” Yamin added.

To better understand this risk, OpenAI said more testing over longer periods and independent research could help.

Another risk OpenAI highlighted in the report was AI hallucinations or inaccuracies. A human-like voice could inspire more trust in listeners, leading to less fact-checking and more misinformation.

Related: Google’s New AI Search Results Are Already Hallucinating

OpenAI isn’t the first company to comment on AI’s effect on social interactions. Last week, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg said that Meta has seen many users turn to AI for emotional support. The company is also reportedly trying to pay celebrities millions to clone their voices for AI products.

OpenAI’s GPT-4o release sparked a conversation about AI safety, following the high-profile resignations of leading researchers like former chief scientist Ilya Sutskever.

It also led to Scarlett Johansson calling out the company for creating an AI voice that, she said, sounded “eerily similar” to hers.